P450 hydroxylases involved
in suberin biosynthesis in roots
A
functional genomics approach is projected in order to elucidate the
role of cytochrome P450 omega-hydroxylases in Arabidopsis
root suberin biosynthesis.
Principle
investigators: Rochus Franke and Lukas Schreiber
Summary
The
interface between roots and the surrounding soil environment is characterized
by the deposition of the lipophilic biopolymer suberin in root cell
walls. Suberization in roots regulates the transport of water and dissolved
compounds (e.g. nutrients) and it is of major significance in the interaction
with the abiotic (drought, osmotic stress, salt stress) and the biotic
(soil-borne pathogens) environment. Chemically, Arabidopsis
suberin is composed of linear, long-chain hydroxylated fatty acids ranging
from C16 to C24. Despite our knowledge on the chemical composition and
the fundamental function of suberin, our knowledge on suberin biosynthesis
still is remarkably limited. Using a reverse genetics approach in Arabidopsis
we convincingly showed that members of the FATTY ACID ELONGASE1
-like gene family are required for the process of suberin formation.
Consequently, this projects is expanded to analyse members of the gene
family of P450-monooxygenases (CYP), leading to the hydroxylation of
the long-chain aliphatic suberin monomers. Fatty acid omega-hydroxylation
is typically catalyzed by members of the Cyp86 and Cyp94 subfamilies.
In this project the contribution of P450 omega-hydroxylases to suberin
biosynthesis and the interaction with fatty acid elongases will be analyzed,
finally leading to a general understanding of the biosynthetic network
needed for suberin biosynthesis. An improved knowledge of suberin biosynthesis
in roots could help in future to improve stress tolerance of crop plants
towards abiotic and biotic environmental stress factors.
Table
1: Tissue specific
expression, in vitro
activity and insertion
mutants of putative
Arabidopsis omega-hydroxylases
|
|
Relative
Expression Level Normalized to Universal Control 1 |
|
AGI
|
P450
|
Shoot
|
Root
|
Leaf
|
Stem
|
Flower
|
Root
specificity² |
in
vitro
omega-hydroxy-lase
activity 3 |
available
mutants 4 |
At1g63710
|
CYP86A7
|
0.60
|
ND
|
1.27
|
3.54
|
9.83
|
ND
|
C12
fatty acid |
GABI_557A11
E ; RATM54-0080-3 E |
At1g24540
|
CYP86C1
|
ND
|
ND
|
ND
|
ND
|
6.25
|
ND
|
unknown
|
CSHL_ET14165
E ; CSHL_GT7765 E ; FLAG_253E09 E ; GABI_356F09 E ; GABI_661E01
E ; RATM15-3386-1 E ; SALK_050565 E ; SM_3_33899 E ; SM_3_5060
E ; WiscDsLox392B07 E ; |
At1g13140
|
CYP86C3
|
ND
|
ND
|
ND
|
ND
|
18.74
|
ND
|
unknown
|
SALK_023932
P ; SALK_128980 P ; SALK_131528 P |
At1g13150
|
CYP86C4
|
ND
|
ND
|
ND
|
ND
|
5.14
|
ND
|
unknown
|
SAIL_1162_G01
P ; SAIL_9_H09 P ; SALK_070550 P ; SALK_126151 P |
At3g48520
|
CYP94B3
|
ND
|
ND
|
ND
|
ND
|
ND
|
ND
|
C12-C18
fatty acids |
GABI_210C09
E ; SALK_001709 E ; SALK_018989 E ; SM_3_32578 E ; SM_3_32582
E ; SM_3_32592 E ; SM_3_32596 E |
At3g56630
|
CYP94D2
|
2.41
|
ND
|
1.34
|
1.31
|
2.89
|
ND
|
unknown
|
SALK_001366
E ; SALK_018259 E ; SALK_018355 E ; SALK_044512 E |
At4g00360
|
CYP86A2
|
1.95
|
0.44
|
1.00
|
1.58
|
0.70
|
0.23
|
C12-C18
fatty acids |
CSHL_ET12227
E ; CSHL_GT7400 E ; GT_5_104840 E ; RATM15-5546-1 E ; SALK_005826
E ; SALK_084381 E ; SALK_101120 E ; SALK_128714 E |
At2g45970
|
CYP86A8
|
2.16
|
1.62
|
0.77
|
1.79
|
4.11
|
0.39
|
C12-C18
fatty acids |
CSHL_GT13404
E ; CSHL_GT13404 E ; FLAG_010D09 E ; FLAG_189C07 E ; FLAG_189G05
E ; GABI_143A10 E ; GABI_719C03 E ; SALK_071498 E ; SALK_131972
E ; WiscDsLox387B09 E |
At1g01600
|
CYP86A4
|
1.18
|
1.66
|
0.46
|
6.37
|
7.32
|
0.23
|
C12-C18
fatty acids |
FLAG_189F12
E ; FLAG_294H10 E ; GABI_110F06 I ; GABI_426G11 I ; SAIL_4_H05
E ; SAIL_862_H12 E ; SALK_005437 E ; SALK_015303 E ; SALK_100263
E ; SALK_148492 E |
At2g27690
|
CYP94C1
|
2.83
|
1.84
|
4.19
|
11.93
|
1.96
|
0.15
|
C12-C18
fatty acids |
FLAG_085E06
E ; FLAG_099A10 E ; GABI_451H11 E ; GABI_933F08 E ; SAIL_700_A12
E ; SALK_011290 E ; SALK_066193 E ; SALK_105678 E |
At3g26125
|
CYP86C2
|
1.35
|
2.47
|
ND
|
3.76
|
15.73
|
0.16
|
unknown
|
GABI_494D11
E ; SALK_007188 E ; SALK_007190 E ; SALK_061428 E ; SALK_082819
E ; WiscDsLox1H9 E ; WiscDsLox429G11 E |
At3g01900
|
CYP94B2
|
3.82
|
2.90
|
ND
|
ND
|
ND
|
0.76
|
C12-C18
fatty acids |
CSHL_ET10091
E ; CSHL_GT10286 E ; GABI_464E04 E ; RATM11-5585-1 E ; RATM13-4067-1
E ; SALK_068472 E ; SM_3_15349 E ; SM_3_17889 E ; SM_3_35238 E
; SM_3_37378 E ; |
At1g34540
|
CYP94D1
|
4.36
|
4.28
|
0.75
|
ND
|
ND
|
0.98
|
unknown
|
SALK_043651
UTR3 ; SALK_020054 UTR3 |
At5g63450
|
CYP94B1
|
0.47
|
4.52
|
0.40
|
3.33
|
2.37
|
1.00
|
C12-C18
fatty acids |
SAIL_245_C07
E ; SAIL_502_G01 E ; SALK_129664 E ; SALK_129672 E ; SALK_129768
E ; SALK_146778 E ; SALK_148544 E ; SM_3_29937 E ; SM_3_29956
E |
At5g08250
|
CYP86B2
|
ND
|
5.79
|
ND
|
ND
|
6.78
|
0.85
|
unknown
|
SALK_069713
E ; SALK_070150 E |
At5g23190
|
CYP86B1
|
1.30
|
7.29
|
ND
|
ND
|
0.94
|
1.00
|
unknown
|
SAIL_452_B02
I ; SALK_130265 E ; SALK_130268 E ; SM_3_16586 E ; SM_3_16594
E ; SM_3_37062 E ; SM_3_37066 E ; SM_3_37070 E |
At5g58860
|
CYP86A1
|
0.48
|
11.26
|
ND
|
1.92
|
0.12
|
1.00
|
C12-C18
fatty acids |
GABI_055C08
E ; GABI_138G04 E ; RATM16-0478-1 E ; SALK_074232 I ; SALK_107454
E ; SALK_146813 E ; SM_3_18175 I ; SM_3_18515 I ; WiscDsLox293-296invF5
I |
1)
Data were extracted from online puplished results of the NSF 2010
project (0115068) „Functional genomics of P450s“ ( http://arabidopsis-p450.biotec.uiuc.edu
)
2)
Root specificity is expressed as the expression level in roots
divided by the highest expression level in any organ
3)
Benveniste et al. 2006; Duan and Schuler 2005
4)
Estimated insertion sites are indicated as E, exon; I, intron;
P, promoter or 5'UTR; UTR3, 3'UTR. If more than 10 mutants are
available only a selection is shown |
References:
Benveniste
I, Saito T, Wang Y, Kandel S, Huang H, Pinot F, Kahn R, Salaün
JP, Shimoji M (2006) Evolutionary relationship and substrate specificity
of Arabidopsis thaliana fatty acid omega-hydroxylase. Plant
Science 170:326-338
Duan
H, Schuler MA (2005) Differential Expression and Evolution of the
Arabidopsis CYP86A Subfamily. Plant Physiology 137:1067-1081
Franke
R, Briesen I, Wojciechowski T, Faust A, Yephremov A, Nawrath C, Schreiber
L (2005) Apoplastic polyesters in Arabidopsis surface tissues:
a typical suberin and a particular. Phytochemistry 66:2643-2658
Hose
E, Clarskon D, Steudle E, Schreiber L, Hartung W (2001) The exodermis:
a variable apoplastic barrier. Journal of Experimental Botany 52:2245-2264
Kandel
S, Sauveplane V, Olry A, Diss L, Benveniste I, Pinot F (2006) Cytochrome
P450-dependent fatty acids hydroxylases in plants. Phytochemistry
Reviews 5:359-372
Schreiber
L , Hartmann K, Skrabs M, Zeier J (1999) Apoplastic barriers in roots:
chemical composition of endodermal and hypodermal cell walls. Journal
of Experimental Botany 50:1267-1280
Related
links:
NSF
2010 project Functional Genomics of Arabidopsis P450s
THE
Cytochrome P450 Homepage
Arabidopsis
Cytochromes P450
AFGN
(Arabidopsis Functional Genmics)
|
